Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005154">
                <pb pagenum="469" xlink:href="016/01/118.jpg"/>
              defluunt, & ſaxum nudatur: quamobrem cry­
                <lb/>
              ſtallus, qui inter lapides, ac ſub terra geni­
                <lb/>
              tus eſt, quomodocunque hæreat, pendere
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg730"/>
                <lb/>
              videtur. </s>
              <s id="s.005155">In mucrone rarius, frequenter in
                <lb/>
              corpore cryſtalli generatur argentum rude:
                <lb/>
              quòd non inter illius vitia, ſed egregias
                <lb/>
              laudes reponitur: namque ſic pulchrior ha­
                <lb/>
              betur, & rarioris exempli
                <expan abbr="gẽma">gemma</expan>
              . </s>
              <s id="s.005156">Inuenitur &
                <lb/>
              ex eo ſpecies amethyſto ſimilis, adeò obſcura
                <lb/>
              eſt, quàm quidam beryllum eſſe putant. </s>
              <s id="s.005157">Vi­
                <lb/>
              di & aquam cryſtallo ingenitam, atque in
                <lb/>
              aqua corpus tenue nigrum, quod motu aquæ
                <lb/>
              ad contrariam ferebatur, quòd eſſet illa le­
                <lb/>
              uius, itaque dum conſideret cryſtallus ſpon­
                <lb/>
              tè aſcendebat: ludentes igitur dicebamus, &
                <lb/>
              perſuadebantur aliquid dæmonem cryſtallo
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg731"/>
                <lb/>
              incluſum. </s>
              <s id="s.005158">Sed cur non multùm nitet? </s>
              <s id="s.005159">quia
                <lb/>
              mollis: nulla enim gemma mollis nitet. </s>
              <s id="s.005160">Sed
                <lb/>
              cur molle non nitet? </s>
              <s id="s.005161">quia radios non om­
                <lb/>
              nes, aut plurimos reflectit: igitur quod plu­
                <lb/>
              rimum nitet, non adeò perſpicuum eſſe po­
                <lb/>
              teſt: itaque magis perſpicuus eſt cryſtallus
                <lb/>
              adamante, quia adamas multò magis
                <lb/>
              nitet.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg732"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005162">
                <margin.target id="marg727"/>
              Chryſtallus
                <lb/>
              cur ſex ha­
                <lb/>
              beat ſuperfi­
                <lb/>
              cies.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005163">
                <margin.target id="marg728"/>
              Lapides ro­
                <lb/>
              tundi.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005164">
                <margin.target id="marg729"/>
              Cryſtallum
                <lb/>
              non eſſe gla­
                <lb/>
              ciem.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005165">
                <margin.target id="marg730"/>
              In cryſtallo
                <lb/>
              argentum
                <lb/>
              rude genera­
                <lb/>
              tur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005166">Aqua in
                <lb/>
              cryſtallo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005167">
                <margin.target id="marg731"/>
              Gemmarum
                <lb/>
              durities quo­
                <lb/>
              modo cognoſ­
                <lb/>
              catur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005168">
                <margin.target id="marg732"/>
              Prannium.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005169">Eſt & alia cauſa, quòd vbi exactè leuis
                <lb/>
              eſt ſuperficies, ad eundem penitus angu­
                <lb/>
              lum radij reflectuntur, atque ideò validio­
                <lb/>
              res fiunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005170">Si autem non ſit dura, non erit
                <lb/>
              exactè plana ſuperficies: quamobrem radij
                <lb/>
              diuerſis angulis incident & reflectentur, diſ­
                <lb/>
              ſipabunturque, ac impedientur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005171">Vt verò cryſtallus gemma eſt alba, ita
                <lb/>
              pranium nigra & perſpicua, quòd rarum
                <lb/>
              eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005172">Huius radix è genere cryſtalli eſſe vi­
                <lb/>
              detur, & in Saxonia inuenitur. </s>
              <s id="s.005173">Aliquan­
                <lb/>
              do verò contingit radici nigræ fermè adnaſ­
                <lb/>
              ci gemmas alias, vt ſarda in Cypro è tranſ­
                <lb/>
              lucido non exactè nigro, & hyacinthus in
                <lb/>
              Miſena Volcheſtein ſic exoritur. </s>
              <s id="s.005174">Exoriun­
                <lb/>
              tur & quemadmodum diximus, rubræ, viri­
                <lb/>
              des, cæruleæ, ac amethyſtinæ. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005175">Nebrites gemma non eſt, ſed rarus ta­
                <lb/>
              men lapis, opacus, colorem pellis cerui ad
                <lb/>
              vnguem referens: vocant noſtri gemmarij
                <arrow.to.target n="marg733"/>
                <lb/>
              Garatronium: creditur geſtantem omninò
                <lb/>
              tueri, ne poſſit vulnerari. </s>
              <s id="s.005176">Vulgaris & vilis,
                <lb/>
              pulcher tamen.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg734"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005177">
                <margin.target id="marg733"/>
              Garatronius</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005178">
                <margin.target id="marg734"/>
              Pazar lapis
                <lb/>
              ſeu bezar.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005179">Nobilior hoc, ſed non ei tamen valdè diſ­
                <lb/>
              ſimilis eſt pazar lapis, quem corrupto no­
                <lb/>
              mine vocant bezar. </s>
              <s id="s.005180">Gemma nec hic eſt, ſed
                <lb/>
              mollis ac cinerei coloris, auellanæ magni­
                <lb/>
              tudine, omnibus venenis egregiè reſiſtit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005181">Hic eſt ille lapis ab omnibus laudatus, & à
                <lb/>
              nemine fermè cognitus:
                <expan abbr="quẽ">quem</expan>
              Scribonius Lar­
                <lb/>
              gus, quamuis Cæſaris medicus, falsò ſcripſit
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="lachrymã">lachrymam</expan>
              eſſe ceruorum in Cicilia inuentam
                <lb/>
              cùm conſtet in Pely Orientalis Indiæ regio­
                <lb/>
              ne ſolitam inueniri. </s>
              <s id="s.005182">Vbi etiam
                <expan abbr="referũt">referunt</expan>
                <expan abbr="radi-cẽ">radi­
                  <lb/>
                cem</expan>
              eſſe venenoſiſſimam, nomine bezar, quæ
                <lb/>
              ſtatim occidat
                <emph type="italics"/>
              :
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              cuius fructus non ſolùm ad­
                <lb/>
              uerſus radicem, ſed etiam quæcunque alia
                <lb/>
              venena, præſtantiſſimum ſit auxilium: voca­
                <lb/>
              tur autem fructus nirabri. </s>
              <s id="s.005183">Sed quomodo ale­
                <lb/>
              xipharmacum, atque venenum ex eodem
                <lb/>
              oriri poſſint, dictum eſt aliàs.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg735"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005184">
                <margin.target id="marg735"/>
              Amethyſtus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005185">Amethyſto color vini, & grata gemma
                <lb/>
              vilis pretij, etiamſi ſit orientalis: creditur
                <lb/>
              ebrietatem alligatus vmbilico prohibere: &
                <lb/>
              (quod diximus
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              ſuperius) ſomnia mouere. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005186">Corallius verò gemma non eſt: eius ſpe­
                <lb/>
              cies ſunt, candida, rubens, & nigra quæ ta­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg736"/>
                <lb/>
              men omnes in eadem planta conſpiciuntur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005187">Quò fit vt nec ætate, nec ſpecie differant, ſed
                <lb/>
              velut lapides reliqui vapore maris tingan­
                <lb/>
              tur: tener eſt, atque arbuti inſtar in imo
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg737"/>
                <lb/>
              maris inter lapides & ſaxa oritur. </s>
              <s id="s.005188">Nobiliſſi­
                <lb/>
              mus rubens, & qui ex eo rubet, vt purpu­
                <lb/>
              ra, igneum quendam emittens ſplendorem,
                <lb/>
              è directo ventriculi ſuſpenſus illum vehe­
                <lb/>
              menter confirmat, quod Albertus, Galeno
                <lb/>
              & Auicennæ adſcribere nititur: tenuis eſt
                <lb/>
              ſubſtantiæ, & inter ea, quæ in mari con­
                <lb/>
              creſcunt etiam tenuiſſimæ, ideóque confir­
                <lb/>
              mat membra, & ſpiritus temperat. </s>
              <s id="s.005189">Vnde
                <lb/>
              qui talis eſt qualem ſuprà eſſe debere di­
                <lb/>
              ximus, cor & cerebrum confirmat, men­
                <lb/>
              tem exhilarat, & morbo comitiali aduerſa­
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.005190">Sed cùm frequentiſſimus ſit illius pro­
                <lb/>
              uentus, optimi certè rariſſimus. </s>
              <s id="s.005191">Nam quæ
                <lb/>
              abundant, facilè abſoluuntur: & quæ fa­
                <lb/>
              cilè abſoluuntur, perfecta eſſe non poſſunt.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg738"/>
                <lb/>
              Itaque optima quæque rara eſſe neceſſe eſt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005192">Concreſcit & duratur aëre poſtquam è
                <lb/>
              mari extractus fuerit, quoniam aër quod
                <lb/>
              tenue eſt illius humidum ſiccat, & frigus
                <lb/>
              etiam partes cogit. </s>
              <s id="s.005193">Refrigeratur autem ab
                <lb/>
              aëre etiam æſtate media, quia pars, quæ
                <lb/>
              intus penetrat, frigida euadit: oſtenſum
                <lb/>
              enim eſt aërem cum diſſipatur refrigerari.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005194">Vnde Ouidius:
                <lb/>
                <emph type="quote"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Nunc quoque coraliis idem natura remanſit,
                <lb/>
              Duritiem tacto capiantur ab aëre, quoque,
                <lb/>
              Vimen in æquore erant, fiant ſuper æthera ſaxum.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph.end type="quote"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005195">
                <margin.target id="marg736"/>
              Corallius.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005196">
                <margin.target id="marg737"/>
              Vires coral­
                <lb/>
              li.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005197">
                <margin.target id="marg738"/>
              Cur optima
                <lb/>
              quæque raræ
                <lb/>
              ſint.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005198">Proprium rubei ac ſynceri, fulgentiſque,
                <lb/>
              vt carbunculus, eſt quòd ſi annectatur collo,
                <lb/>
              vt carnem tangat, cùm ægrotat homo, aut
                <lb/>
              breui ægrotaturus eſt, aut ſi venenum hau­
                <lb/>
              ſerit, quod nondum ſentiat, impalleſcere, &
                <lb/>
              nitorem amittere, adeò vt mireris, atque hoc
                <lb/>
              non ſemel obſeruaui. </s>
              <s id="s.005199">Cauſa eſt, quod vapor
                <lb/>
              ille, qui nondum moleſtiam homini afferre,
                <lb/>
              poteſt, ſubſtantiam teneriorem corali affli­
                <lb/>
              git miro experimento.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg739"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005200">
                <margin.target id="marg739"/>
              Morbis fu­
                <lb/>
              turis digno­
                <lb/>
              ſcendis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005201">Hæ igitur nobiliores ac magis vulgates
                <lb/>
              ſunt gemmæ. </s>
              <s id="s.005202">Cæterùm adulterantur miris
                <lb/>
              modis, qui tamen in tres numero modos de­
                <lb/>
              ducuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.005203">Horum autem primus eſt vulgaris,
                <lb/>
              vt inter duas planas tabulas cryſtalli color,
                <lb/>
              cum glutine perſpicuo ponatur, inde coaleſ­
                <lb/>
              centibus his gemma annulo clauditur, vt ri­
                <lb/>
              ma coniunctionis lateat: atque hic modus
                <lb/>
              vulgaris ac vilis eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005204">Copia hàrum gemma­
                <lb/>
              rum, imò emporium eſt ipſa vrbs noſtra in
                <lb/>
              qua virtus eadem cum gemmis colitur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005205">Peſſima eſt fraus quæ ſubiicitur, nec vul­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg740"/>
                <lb/>
              garis ad fallendum, cuius autor Zocolinus ex
                <lb/>
              vrbe noſtra, quem ob adulterinam monetam
                <lb/>
              Princeps debito ſupplicio affici iuſſit, quan­
                <lb/>
              quam omnes gemmarij pro illo
                <expan abbr="ſupplicarẽt">ſupplicarent</expan>
              .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005206">Vides ingenia
                <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan>
              ,
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              ex vno collegio
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="argumentũ">argumentum</expan>
              multitudinis accipe: cui ſi diſpli­
                <lb/>
              ceo, non
                <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan>
              pudet, aut pœnitet,
                <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan>
              gratulor,
                <lb/>
              quòd
                <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan>
              morum hominibus odio habitus
                <lb/>
              ſim. </s>
              <s id="s.005207">Igitur ille inclytus vir, tabellam ex vero
                <lb/>
              lapide, veluti pro carbunculo ex carbunculo,
                <lb/>
              pro ſmaragdo ex ſmaragdo
                <expan abbr="nitidã">nitidam</expan>
              , ac vilem </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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