Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.005850">
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              floribus omnibus calix adſit? </s>
              <s id="s.005851">Sed non A­
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              pollinis flori, hic nanque calice caret, &
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              croceus eſt, ſenis in eo foliis: ſub vtroque
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              crepuſculo clauditur, meridie totus patet.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005852">Sunt qui dicant nocte media arctè conſtrin­
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              gi, vt ſint velut erraticis in paruo circulo
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              mutationes quatuor, geminæ, quæ ad cre­
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              puſcula, mediæ & inuicem ſimiles, reliquæ
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              contrariæ. </s>
              <s id="s.005853">Vnus caulis, vnus flos, bulboſa
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              radix, folia velut ari. </s>
              <s id="s.005854">Vidimus hunc apud
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              Gulielmum Caulium nobilem Gallum. </s>
              <s id="s.005855">Cæ­
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              terùm cur plerique flores calicem habeant,
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              ratio eſt, quoniam antequam perficiantur,
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              à ſole tenuis florum ſubſtantia diſſiparetur.
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              Quocirca Apollinis craſſæ ſubſtantiæ neceſ­
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              ſariò eſt, ac quaſi folium. </s>
              <s id="s.005856">Sed colore ( vt
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              dixi ) & ſemine medio multùm à folio dif­
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              fert. </s>
              <s id="s.005857">Flos enim fructus cauſa, imò potiùs
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              ſeminis. </s>
              <s id="s.005858">Sed cur ſeminis? </s>
              <s id="s.005859">Videtur autem
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              ſemen ex terrea parte concocta eſſe, aliter
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              neque in illo vis genitalis eſſe poſſet, nec
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              conſeruari. </s>
              <s id="s.005860">Omni autem terreo, vt coaleſ­
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              cat humidi tenuioris aliquid ineſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005861">Hu­
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              midum autem, præſertim ſi totum conti­
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              neatur, impedit & genitalem vim, & con­
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              ſeruationem. </s>
              <s id="s.005862">Cùm verò ſit in eo, quod
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              concoquitur, & celeriùs ob ſubſtantiæ te­
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              nuitatem concoquatur, fructus omnes ali­
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              quis flos antecedet. </s>
              <s id="s.005863">Priùs ergo ſemen ge­
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              neratur, quàm flos, ſi quidem illius gra­
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              tia, ſed tardiùs abſoluitur. </s>
              <s id="s.005864">Neque verò cre­
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              dendum eſt, odoratas plantas inodores flo­
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              res ſemper mittere: nam quædam olent om­
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              ni parte, vt nardus, medica malus, in qua
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              folia, flores, fructus præcipuè olent opti­
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              mè, nec reliqua odoris ſunt expertia. </s>
              <s id="s.005865">Sunt
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              autem medicæ mali plures ſpecies, notiſſi­
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              mæ autem quinque. </s>
              <s id="s.005866">Prima quidem, quæ
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              propriè medica malus dicitur, prægrandis
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              fructus & humani capitis magnitudinem
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              perſæpè ſuperans etiam in Italia. </s>
              <s id="s.005867">Secunda
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              vocatur arantium, ſeu deducta appellatio­
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              ne corrupta ab aurantio, quòd aurei colo­
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              ris cortex ſit, ſeu ab Arantia Corinthia­
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              cæ regionis vrbe iuxta Aſopum flumen.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005868">Tertia limunium, quòd in eo genere ſuc­
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              cum habet acidiſſimum, adeò vt illius con­
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              tactu dentes ſtupeant. </s>
              <s id="s.005869">Quarta limuniata,
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              ex malo medica primæ ſpeciei, & limunio
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              per inſitionem commiſta, cuius odor, &
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              ſapor iucundiſſimus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005870">Quinta Adami
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              malus vocatur, quòd ſingula poma mor­
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              ſus imaginem in cortice retineant. </s>
              <s id="s.005871">Quòd
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              verò eiuſdem ſpeciei ſint hæc omnia, pri­
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              mùm quidem partes oftendunt, quæ om­
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              nibus eædem numero ſunt, cortex, caro,
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              ſuccus, tunicæ, ac ſemen. </s>
              <s id="s.005872">Planta omni­
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              bus etiam ſpinoſa, perpetua fronde virens,
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              tota redolens: fructus aureus omnibus: ſed
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              in citrio dilutior color ob magnitudinem,
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              in luminio autem ob frigiditatem. </s>
              <s id="s.005873">Tran­
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              ſeunt etiam inſitione mutua altera in alte­
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              ram, & ligna in frondes, & flores adeò ſi­
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              miles, vt non niſi à peritis ſine fructu al­
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              tera ab altera ſecernatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005874">Sunt & vires
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              omnibus eædem, & ſapor acidus omnibus
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              communis eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005875">Diu quoque ſeruari fructum,
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              ſeróque matureſcere, omnibus conuenit.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005876">Lædi quoque ab eiuſdem cauſis omnibus
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              contingit, ſcilicet frigore. </s>
              <s id="s.005877">Seruantur, &
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              vnà omnes vbique, modò calor non deſiit.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005878">Vnde magno orbi beneficio non ſolum in
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              Europa, & Aſia ac Africa, ſed etiam tota
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              in Æthiopia, Indiáque ſingulæ hæ ſpecies
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              inueniuntur: nec vllus tam communis in or­
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              be fructus, neque adeò frequens. </s>
              <s id="s.005879">Nomen
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              etiam ipſum vnicum mali medicæ, docet
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              vnam fuiſſe olim arborem. </s>
              <s id="s.005880">Nam neque
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              arantium, aut limunium. </s>
              <s id="s.005881">Latinæ voces
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              ſunt, nec Græci ipſi horum nominum loco
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              quicquam habent. </s>
              <s id="s.005882">Conſtat igitur pro re­
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              gionum, & artis varietate, tum ſapori gra­
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              tia, nominum diſcrimina inuenta, non ab
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              antiquis, ſed parùm ante nos. </s>
              <s id="s.005883">Nam Adami
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              pomum inſitione ex citro, arantióque con­
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              ſtat, arte morſum æmulante, inde propa­
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              gatum, vt docebimus inferiùs. </s>
              <s id="s.005884">Viſum eſt
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              enim memoria primi parentis vile pomum
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              iam abundantia factum, carius vendi poſſe.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005885">Sed malè quidem technam, quicunque il­
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              le fuit, excogitauit, in tam inſuaui fructu
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              tantùm mulieris incontinentiæ exprimens.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005886">At dices: Arantij cortex inſuauis valde eſt,
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              citrij ſuauis: caro quoque citrio craſſiſſima,
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              arantio propè nulla. </s>
              <s id="s.005887">Sed à regionibus diſ­
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              crimina ſumpta fuêre: calidior enim & ſic­
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              cior, & agreſtis magis arantij fructus, ma­
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              lus autem medica, quaſi domeſtica plan­
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              ta, vt arantij ſylueſtris. </s>
              <s id="s.005888">Propagantur au­
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              tem vtræque, & eiſdem modis. </s>
              <s id="s.005889">Odoratiſ­
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              ſimæ plantarum, quod ſciam ( nam dies no­
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              ua ſemper afferre ſolet ) ſunt agallochum,
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              ſeu xyloaloës, cinamomum, aſpalathum,
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              nardus, laſer, & crocus. </s>
              <s id="s.005890">Piper & zingiber
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              etſi ſint calidiſſima, parùm tamen olent.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005891">Arbores tenuioris ſubſtantiæ ſunt herbis,
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              ſed & denſiores: nam temporis longitu­
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              do vim Solis adiuuat, vnde concocta te­
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              nuiora redduntur, & denſiora: arbores
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              enim diu viuunt, herbæ pereunt citò.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005892">Quæ etiam benè olent ex herbis, odorem
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              niſi in radicibus ob tenuitatem diu retine­
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              re nequeunt, & quæ retinent, vt nardus,
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              ad arbuſculas potiùs, quàm herbas debent
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              referri. </s>
              <s id="s.005893">Sed tamen egregiæ tenuitatis eſt
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              ſiliquaſtrum, ſeu piperitis, aut occiden­
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              tale piper. </s>
              <s id="s.005894">Herba eſt caule longo, & qua­
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              ſi rubro, crebris geniculis, foliis lau­
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              ri, floribus candidis, radice vnica ſub­
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              alba, capillamentis fibrata, ſiliquis ob­
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              longis, magnis ac rubentibus admodum
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              vt purpura, cum non leui ſplendore, vt
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              virulentum quid referant, ſemine intùs
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              flaueſcente, molli: adeò acri, vt longè
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              piper ſuperet, vnde in vltimo caliditatis,
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              ac ſiccitatis, tùm tenuitatis conſiſtere ne­
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              ceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005895">Acrius etiam vrget, dum imma­
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              tura eſt ſiliqua, & ipſe cortex ſiliquæ: vn­
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              de tametſi in vſum venerit, & Hiſpanio­
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              la inſula orbis alterius in noſtrum aduecta
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              anno 1493. veneni haud eſt expers. </s>
              <s id="s.005896">Ve­
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              nenum enim plantæ plerunque retinent,
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              aut natura, aut caſu: ſed natura in his po­
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              tentior eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005897">Natura pernitioſæ ſunt, quæ
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              odorem habent grauiſſimum, aut ſapo­
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              rem, qui ferri non poſſit, qualem huic ſi­
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              liquaſtro eſſe diximus: aut quæ ſuccum non
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              viridem emittunt, vt tithymalorum ge­
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              nera omnia. </s>
              <s id="s.005898">Sed & ficus lac exedens
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              mittit, & lactuca cùm ob ſenium immodicè </s>
            </p>
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