Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007153">
                <pb pagenum="510" xlink:href="016/01/159.jpg"/>
              veneno carent, vt neque veſpæ, & alia
                <lb/>
              multa.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1044"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007154">
                <margin.target id="marg1036"/>
              Theophraſtus
                <lb/>
              Ariſtoteli
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              præferendus
                <lb/>
              in his, quæ
                <lb/>
              ad ſerſum
                <lb/>
              pertinent.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007155">
                <margin.target id="marg1037"/>
              3. Contr ad.
                <lb/>
              tr. 2. cont. 19</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007157">
                <margin.target id="marg1038"/>
              Animalia è
                <lb/>
              putri mate­
                <lb/>
              ria genita,
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
                <lb/>
              manſueſcunt
                <lb/>
              propter 4.
                <lb/>
              cauſas.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007158">
                <margin.target id="marg1039"/>
              Serpentum
                <lb/>
              mira magni­
                <lb/>
              tudo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007159">
                <margin.target id="marg1040"/>
              Serpentes
                <lb/>
              quadrupedes.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007160">
                <margin.target id="marg1041"/>
                <expan abbr="Serpẽtes">Serpentes</expan>
              cur
                <lb/>
              diu ſine cibo
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              viuant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007161">cauſa cur
                <lb/>
              ſerpentes in
                <lb/>
              immenſam
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="magnitudinẽ">magnitudinem</expan>
                <lb/>
              creſcant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007162">
                <margin.target id="marg1042"/>
              Serpentes
                <lb/>
              parui cur
                <lb/>
              omnes perni­
                <lb/>
              cioſiſſimi.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007163">
                <margin.target id="marg1043"/>
              Serpentes
                <lb/>
              non inue­
                <lb/>
              niuntur in
                <lb/>
              trifolio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007164">
                <margin.target id="marg1044"/>
              Tarantula.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007165">Sed nihil mirabilius eo aranei genere,
                <lb/>
              quod vocant Tarantulam, qui demorſos
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              morte per lethargum occupat. </s>
              <s id="s.007166">Remedium
                <lb/>
              palàm eſt ex muſica, quòd ad ſaltandum in­
                <lb/>
              citentur: nam ſaltando veternus diſcutitur,
                <lb/>
              ac cum eo ſimul venenum, quod natura
                <lb/>
              frigidiſſimum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.007167">Nam & apud Platonem
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              in Phædone inducitur quies Socrati à car­
                <lb/>
              nifice imperata, vt cicuta illum occidere
                <lb/>
              valeat. </s>
              <s id="s.007168">Non igitur muſica, ſed labore ve­
                <lb/>
              nenum diſcutitur: at ad laborem incitantur
                <lb/>
              vario muſicæ genere. </s>
              <s id="s.007169">Genus enim illud ve­
                <lb/>
              neni ſpiritus ad intima contrahit, naturali­
                <lb/>
              rer verò à muſica ſpiritus incitantur, vt in
                <lb/>
              equis, pueris, & ſtultis: quamobrem dupli­
                <lb/>
              ci ratione ab ea iuuantur.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1045"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007170">
                <margin.target id="marg1045"/>
              Cur anima­
                <lb/>
              lia vencno­
                <lb/>
              ſa alis &
                <lb/>
              pedibus ca­
                <lb/>
              reant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007171">Cur igitur tam paucis animalibus pedes
                <lb/>
              habentibus venenum, atque illud perexi­
                <lb/>
              guum natura dedit? </s>
              <s id="s.007172">quoniam ſi pedibus
                <lb/>
              valerent, nimis pernicioſa eſſent, ob id
                <lb/>
              etiam tarda, & puſilla ea genuit. </s>
              <s id="s.007173">Aranea
                <lb/>
              in India occidentali ad poſſeris magnitu­
                <lb/>
              dinem creſcit, quùd natura hoc animal
                <lb/>
              ( vt dixi ) ſit frigidum, quod etiam ex ve­
                <lb/>
              neni auxilio docuimus. </s>
              <s id="s.007174">Sed ibi vt maior
                <lb/>
              eſt, eò minùs venenoſa. </s>
              <s id="s.007175">Ea de cauſa nul­
                <lb/>
              lam auem venenoſam natura fecit: aut ſi
                <lb/>
              fecit, facietve, debile venenum illius
                <lb/>
              erit, vt veſpæ, aut non erit magna, aut
                <lb/>
              non frequens, & puſilla, aut in deſertis
                <lb/>
              locis habitabit. </s>
              <s id="s.007176">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, cur
                <lb/>
              ſerpentes ſine alis & pedibus ſint. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007177">Sed hoc ad finem pertinet: ratio quæri­
                <lb/>
              tur propria? </s>
              <s id="s.007178">Diximus ſicca eſſe immodice,
                <lb/>
              quæ veneno prædita ſint, ob hoc cornua,
                <lb/>
              & vngues, & oſſa carni immiſcuit, nec
                <lb/>
              plumis ornauit, ſic enim ſiccius corpus ef­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1046"/>
                <lb/>
              finxit. </s>
              <s id="s.007179">Ideóque & ſerpentum ſtercus ple­
                <lb/>
              runque bone olet, & lacertorum maximo­
                <lb/>
              rum, quos crocodileos vocant: hi ſunt
                <lb/>
              crocodilis magnitudine, & forma ſimiles,
                <lb/>
              & in India occidentali, alibi etiam, ſed ra­
                <lb/>
              riùs longè naſcuntur: anguibus quippe, qui
                <lb/>
              calicem quaſi depictum habent in fronte,
                <lb/>
              ſtercus optimè olet: nam odor ( vt dixi)bo­
                <lb/>
              nus à ſiccitate prouenit: at ſerpentes ( vt
                <lb/>
              dixi ) natura ſicca ſunt, ideò ſtercus eorum
                <lb/>
              optimè concoquitur tum ob viſcerum angu­
                <lb/>
              ſtiam, atque bene olet, hac cauſa. </s>
              <s id="s.007180">Huius
                <lb/>
              generis etiam eſſe exiſtimantur duces vipe­
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              rarum, quæ ſub quercubus habitant: hos
                <lb/>
              referunt in capite candidam criſtam, ve­
                <lb/>
              lut coronam gerere. </s>
              <s id="s.007181">Abundant in antris
                <lb/>
              ambuſtarum domuum etiam apud extre­
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              mos Sarmatas, adeò vt nouos habitatores
                <lb/>
              earum terreant. </s>
              <s id="s.007182">Refert Olaus Magnus, ſer­
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              pentes euomere venenum varij coloris: ſi­
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              bique dum puer eſſet conſpurcatam ex eo
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              veſtem: nudóſque homines ab eis non at­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1047"/>
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              tingi. </s>
              <s id="s.007183">Sunt & quibus ſpiritus procul adeò
                <lb/>
              redolet, vt moſchus videatur: atque hi in
                <lb/>
              orientali India inter Calecutum, & Cano­
                <lb/>
              nor. </s>
              <s id="s.007184">Duplici autem ratione eadem, quæ
                <lb/>
              ſtercus ſpiritus redolet. </s>
              <s id="s.007185">Sunt verò alij ibi
                <lb/>
              pernicioſiſſimi, qui ſtatim occidunt, Manda­
                <lb/>
              lique vocantur hi. </s>
              <s id="s.007186">Porrò è viperarum ge­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1048"/>
                <lb/>
              nere ſunt, quoniam viperas appellamus per­
                <lb/>
              nicioſiſſimos ſerpentes. </s>
              <s id="s.007187">Præſtantiſſimæ in
                <lb/>
              hoc genere ſunt, quibus caput latum, ca­
                <lb/>
              uumque, & in rhombi figuram diſpoſitum,
                <lb/>
              oculi viuaces, duoque dentes tantùm cani­
                <lb/>
              ni, vnguis in nare, vel cauda: cauda verò
                <lb/>
              breuis, breuéque corpus, cuius color luri­
                <lb/>
              dus, inceſſus, motuſque celer, & caput ere­
                <lb/>
              ctum. </s>
              <s id="s.007188">Tales enim tranſeunte in mortuas
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1049"/>
                <lb/>
              etiam veneno, carnem habent ad theriacæ
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              compoſitionem aptam. </s>
              <s id="s.007189">Quædam enim ſunt,
                <lb/>
              quæ cum morte venenum amittunt, vt ra­
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              bidi canes, ſcorpiique: quædam ſeruant, vt
                <lb/>
              viperæ: neque enim aliter prodeſſe poſſent
                <lb/>
              carnes earum in theriaca, ſi omninò ex­
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              pertes fierent veneni. </s>
              <s id="s.007190">Et vnde ab eſu ea­
                <lb/>
              rum excoriatio illa in elephantiaſi, ſi nihil
                <lb/>
              omninò ſeruatur virutis in illis? </s>
              <s id="s.007191">Quibuſdam
                <lb/>
              verò contigit, vr cùm boues veneno ani­
                <lb/>
              malis enectos atque tumidos excoriarent,
                <lb/>
              conſimili correpti morbo interierint, alij
                <lb/>
              non ſine maximo labore euaſerint. </s>
              <s id="s.007192">Videtur
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              autem contagium hoc deſcendere ad corpo­
                <lb/>
              ra putrefacta. </s>
              <s id="s.007193">Sed in viperis alia ratio eſt:
                <lb/>
              nam potentia venenum manet, ob vehe­
                <lb/>
              mentem ſiccitatem, vt ſecurè tractare mor­
                <lb/>
              tuas poſſis, non edere. </s>
              <s id="s.007194">In quibus verò non
                <lb/>
              caro tota, ſed pars ſolùm veneno affecta eſt,
                <lb/>
              vt in ſcorpiis aculeus, in canibus dentes,
                <lb/>
              hi cum morte venenum amittunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007195">Fiunt verò
                <lb/>
              deteriores viperæ, aut regione, vt in Nu­
                <lb/>
              midia, vbi & ferociores ſunt, & pernicio­
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              ſiores, & ſcorpij ſimiliter: velut & mon­
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              tanæ nemoralibus: aliæ cibo, vt quæ ra­
                <lb/>
              nis rubetis, quas buffones vocant, veſ­
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              cuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.007196">Inficitur enim ſanguis alimento,
                <lb/>
              tum membra: ſed magis omnibus ſaliua fit
                <lb/>
              peſtilens, vnde inuentat ratio ſagittas in­
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              ficiendi veneno. </s>
              <s id="s.007197">Dentes autem pro ſagit­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1050"/>
                <lb/>
              tis habentur. </s>
              <s id="s.007198">Ob ſiccitatem etiam arida cu­
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              tis exuitur verè ab ipſis, vocantque ſene­
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              ctam. </s>
              <s id="s.007199">Contingit enim illis, quod & homi­
                <lb/>
              nibus elephantiaſi laborantibus, ſcilicet vt
                <lb/>
              ex vapore corrupti humoris curis, ſiccet ac
                <lb/>
              eleuetur. </s>
              <s id="s.007200">Ob id verè exuunt illa diuturna
                <lb/>
              fame, ſiccati. </s>
              <s id="s.007201">Fames enim ſiccat corpus,
                <lb/>
              humoriſque corrumpit: initium autem à
                <lb/>
              capite faciunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007202">Quoniam verò viperarum ha­
                <lb/>
              bitus ſecundùm naturam ei, qui elephanti­
                <lb/>
              cis præter naturam ineſt, ſimilis eſt neceſſe
                <lb/>
              eſt, viperarum carnes elephantiaſim patien­
                <lb/>
              tibus auxilio eſſe, ſicut comitialibus aſino­
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              rum, ceruorum bile perfuſis. </s>
              <s id="s.007203">Senecta an­
                <lb/>
              guis ſi oculi confricentur ſingulo mane, ne­
                <lb/>
              gant omninò corripi hebetudine viſus, aut
                <lb/>
              ſuffuſione. </s>
              <s id="s.007204">Sed vt minùs verum, ita magis
                <lb/>
              mirum crematam ſenectam, dum Luna ple­
                <lb/>
              na luminibus in prima Arietis parte fuerit
                <lb/>
              cinerémque collectum ſi inſpergatur capiti
                <lb/>
              ſomnia terribilia mouere. </s>
              <s id="s.007205">Si ex eo cum aqua
                <lb/>
              diluto facies lauetur, terribilem videri: ſi
                <lb/>
              ſub lingua teneatur: ſapientem & eloquen­
                <lb/>
              tem: ſi ſub planta pedis, gratioſum
                <expan abbr="corã">coram</expan>
              prin­
                <lb/>
              cipibus ac magiſtratu. </s>
              <s id="s.007206">Serpentum verò qui­
                <lb/>
              cunque etiam vel in cauda vulgulam, vel in
                <lb/>
              fronte cornu habent, immodicè ſicci ſunt, at­
                <lb/>
              que ideò pernicioſiſſimi. </s>
              <s id="s.007207">Vt igitur ſerpentes
                <lb/>
              veneno præditi eſſent, pilis, plumis, cruribus,
                <lb/>
              aliiſque carere debuerunt, & parum etiam
                <lb/>
              bibere his neceſſe fuit, & vt oculi ruberent, </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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