Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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        <body>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007595">
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              dent, & radij Solis. </s>
              <s id="s.007596">Igitur cùm calor tenuiſ­
                <lb/>
              ſimus fuerit, colligitur hic humor, qui aliàs
                <lb/>
              digeritur, collectus concoquitur, eſt enim
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              pinguis. </s>
              <s id="s.007597">Indicio eſt dulcedo mannæ. </s>
              <s id="s.007598">Viue­
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              re autem cibo copioſius aſſumpto conuenit
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              & ſerpentibus ( vt dictum eſt ) & buffoni­
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              bus, & vrſis, & muribus auellaneis, atque
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              omnibus his animalibus, quæ hyeme cùm
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              lateant, nihil habent reconditum. </s>
              <s id="s.007599">Duplici
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              igitur ratione animal abſque cibo, & potu
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              viuere ſemper poteſt: aut quia voracitatis
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              priſtinæ reliquias ſeruet, aut quia aëre qua­
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              licunque nos vtimur. nutriatur. </s>
              <s id="s.007600">Atque hoc
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              perpetuum, illud verò ad
                <expan abbr="tẽpus">tempus</expan>
              , vt dici ſolet.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007601">Quandoque verò hæ cauſæ iunguntur, vt
                <lb/>
              quidam homines diu ſine cibo vixerint: de
                <lb/>
              his autem hiſtoria ſuo loco recitanda erit.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007602">Quamobrem demiror quoſdam qui adeò
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              anxiè illud euertere conati ſunt, quod de
                <lb/>
              chamæleonte dictum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.007603">Nam etſi cha­
                <lb/>
              mæleon ſine cibo non viueret, viuere
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              tamen poſſet, quandoquidem cicadæ ſi­
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              militer viuunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007604">At non viuit? </s>
              <s id="s.007605">Certè hæc,
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              vt iuriſconſulti dicunt, quæſtio facti eſt,
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              quæ non diſputat an fieri poſſit, ſed an ita
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              ſit: atque in hoc credendum forſan hiſto­
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              riæ eſt.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1087"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007606">
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              Animal abſ­
                <lb/>
              que cibo quo­
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              modo viuere
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              poſſit.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007607">Cicadarum
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              hiſtoria.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007608">
                <margin.target id="marg1087"/>
              Teſtudo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007609">His igitur demonſtratis, ſupereſt vt
                <lb/>
              oſtendamus teſtudinis miracula: namque
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              primùm hoc animal abſciſſo capite per diem
                <lb/>
              integram viuit, nec vllum aliud animal tan­
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              diu. </s>
              <s id="s.007610">Idem execto etiam corde, vt etiam te­
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              ſtatur Ariſtotele, cùm tamen ſine ſanguine
                <lb/>
              ſit, diu tamen viuit. </s>
              <s id="s.007611">Triplex genus earum:
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              terreſtre, quod in lucis: aquaticum, quod
                <lb/>
              in mari: & paluſtre, quod in paludibus naſ­
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              citur. </s>
              <s id="s.007612">Marinæ pedum loco totidem habent
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              latas cartilagines: adeò natura pro vſu vni­
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              cuique membra apta fabricauit. </s>
              <s id="s.007613">Creſcunt
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              in immenſum marinæ atque aliæ in regioni­
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              bus calidis, vt in Africa. </s>
              <s id="s.007614">Humidum enim
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              pingue (vt declaratum eſt) in calidis regio­
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              nibus multum extenditur: vnde teſtudines,
                <lb/>
              piſces, ſerpentes, elephantes, omnia hæc in
                <lb/>
              immenſum angentur. </s>
              <s id="s.007615">Oceanus Indiæ occi­
                <lb/>
              dentalis maximas mittit, adeò vt ſeni homi­
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              nes vnam vix deferre poſſint. </s>
              <s id="s.007616">Harum vnam
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              vidi Patauij, quæ & ibi mortua eſt: ſed illa
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              ſcutum tantùm æquabat. </s>
              <s id="s.007617">Vidiſſe quidam af­
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              firmant corticem ponderis librarum centum
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              & trium: tu modò cogita quanta tota eſſe
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              debuerit. </s>
              <s id="s.007618">Adeò cortices magnos eſſe con­
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              ſtat, vt minoribus Indi pro ſcutis vtantur,
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              maioribus integant domos. </s>
              <s id="s.007619">Olim apud Ro­
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              manos in pretio erant tegmina teſtudinum
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              Indicarum, quæ diſſecta in fruſta digerebant
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              in tabulas varij vſus, limbis ex ebore at­
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              que auro additis: quæ ars adhuc in vſum
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              reuocari poſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.007620">Africanarum caro ſeptem
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              diebus continuis ſumpta cum pane, elephan­
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              tiaſim eius qui non plus ſeptem annis eo
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              morbo laborauerit, magno miraculo curare
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              creditur. </s>
              <s id="s.007621">Cuius rei cauſa eſt, ſiccitas earum
                <lb/>
              carnium cum robore & temperamento hu­
                <lb/>
              midi tenuis ac bene pinguis. </s>
              <s id="s.007622">Noſtrarum ve­
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              rò teſtudinum albumina igne cocta non
                <lb/>
              concreſcunt, quamobrem illa parum terrea
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              neceſſe eſt eſſe: quæcunque enim terrea ſunt,
                <lb/>
              vt lateres & gypſum, concreſcere manife­
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              ſtum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.007623">Vita earum creditur eſſe diutur­
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              na, ſed de hoc nihil certi afferre poſſum.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007624">Illud veriſſimum eſt, huic animali prægran­
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              de eſſe iecur, & ſolam inter ouipara habe­
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              re veſicam. </s>
              <s id="s.007625">Quamobrem quiſpiam meritò
                <lb/>
              dubitabit, cur tot miracula in his imperfe­
                <lb/>
              ctis animalibus ſint, tam pauca in plantis &
                <lb/>
              perfectis animalibus? </s>
              <s id="s.007626">Cauſa duplex eſt: al­
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              tera, quòd primùm in his defectus mira­
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              culi loco ſunt: plura enim ex his monſtrifica,
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              vt declaratum eſt: reliqua, quòd hæc anima­
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              lia non in ſucco conueniunt vt perfecta, per­
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              fectorum enim omnium vnus eſt ſuccus, ſci­
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              licet ſanguis: at hæc ſingula ſuum habent
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              ſuccum, atque ideo ſingula etiam proprias
                <lb/>
              & peculiares vires, quæ cùm toti generi non
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              conueniunt, mirabiles videntur: ſemper
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              enim raritas admirationem parit. </s>
              <s id="s.007627">Frequen­
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              tia facit, vt naturale videatur. </s>
              <s id="s.007628">Adeò verò
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              videtur hos ſuos proprios partus dilexiſſe
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              natura, vt ſuauiſſimos è piſcium genere, ſine
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              ſemine, & ſine
                <expan abbr="parẽte">parente</expan>
              naſci voluerit, vt mu­
                <lb/>
              ſtelas de quibus dictum eſt, & anguillas. </s>
              <s id="s.007629">
                <expan abbr="Solũ">Solum</expan>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1088"/>
                <lb/>
              hoc animal inter ſanguinea ex putredine
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              gignitur, cui nullus ſexus eſt, nec etiam ge­
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              nerationis initium: & diu viuit ſine aqua,
                <lb/>
              etiam ad quinos, vel ſex dies, quoniam par­
                <lb/>
              ua refrigeratione indiget, & tenui gaudet
                <lb/>
              aqua. </s>
              <s id="s.007630">Aër autem
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              vt dictum eſt ) aquæ te­
                <lb/>
              nuioris ſemper partem aliquam continet.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007631">Generari creditur ex muſtellis, quas terræ
                <lb/>
              inteſtina vocant: & certè ſimilitudo magna
                <lb/>
              eſt inter eas, & coniectura euidens, quòd ne­
                <lb/>
              que origo alia anguillarum, nec finis alius
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1089"/>
                <lb/>
              muſtelarum inuenitur. </s>
              <s id="s.007632">Sed tamen muſtelas
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              bilibres ſæpe Lugduni comedimus atque
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              maiores: ſed non ex paruarum noſtrarum
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              Italicarum genere, noſtræ enim rotundio­
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              res ſunt, neque ad eam magnitudinem per­
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              ueniunt, neque in aqua, ſed limo degunt, ni­
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              grioréſque ſunt Gallicarum guſtus anguillis
                <lb/>
              ſuauitate inferior. </s>
              <s id="s.007633">Commune eſt vtrique ge­
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              neri, oſſibus penitus carere: nam pro ſpina
                <lb/>
              nerueam membranam rotundam habent fu­
                <lb/>
              nis inſtar. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007634">
                <margin.target id="marg1088"/>
              Anguilla. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007635">
                <margin.target id="marg1089"/>
              Muſtelæ
                <lb/>
              piſces.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007636">Multis ob raritatem in Italia meliores
                <lb/>
              magnæ muſtelæ videntur anguillis. </s>
              <s id="s.007637">Rho­
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              danus fluuius & Ligeris verno tempore plu­
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              rimas afferunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007638">Ita in omni genere natura
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              luſit, & ſumma infimis, & infima ſupre­
                <lb/>
              mis coæquauit: nam & in tam vili gene­
                <lb/>
              re mortuorum, reſurrectionis exemplum non
                <lb/>
              de eſt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007639">Etenim muſcas & apuas reuiuiſcere cre­
                <lb/>
              ditur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007640">De muſcis mirum, de apuis non valde ſo­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1090"/>
                <lb/>
              licitor: è putri enim fimo adeò facilè gene­
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              rantur, & colluuie multorum aliorum piſ­
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              cium, vt nihil mirum ſit, è ſeipſis putridis
                <lb/>
              integras alias generari. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007641">
                <margin.target id="marg1090"/>
              Apud.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007642">Multa ſunt in his mirabilia, ſed alia &
                <lb/>
              maiora ſuccedens ætas oſtendet: nobis ſatis
                <lb/>
              ſit attigiſſe præcipua, totámque hiſtoriam
                <lb/>
              per capita, cauſas connectens, vt ex his
                <lb/>
              ad reliqua quæ hîc præmittuntur, quæ ſi
                <lb/>
              ſpeciatim enumerare voluero, infinita fu­
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              tura ſunt, tranſire liceat: ſciréque quid
                <lb/>
              verum ſit, quid abſurdum, quidve eſſe
                <lb/>
              poſſit, & quid non, fabulam ab hiſtoria
                <lb/>
              diſcernere, quod præſentis proprium inſti­
                <lb/>
              tuti eſt. </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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