Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008587">
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              rum in modum dormiens in littoribus. </s>
              <s id="s.008588">Hi­
                <lb/>
              ſpani, lupi potiùs nomine illum ſignificant:
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              Erigi ac ſubſidere pilos in pellibus pro ma­
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              ris vario affectu tam multi etiam nunc affir­
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              mant, vt plinio huius rei authori gratias de­
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              beamus. </s>
              <s id="s.008589">Sed forſan naturale eſt omninò: ſi­
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              quidem auſtrinis flatibus implentur, & ob
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              id eriguntur, borealibus exinaniuntur, &
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              ſubſident: ſic enim obſeruauit Rondelle­
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              tius. </s>
              <s id="s.008590">Nos ex illius corio cingulum habemus,
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              quo enſis dum equitamus accingitur. </s>
              <s id="s.008591">Serò
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              amittit pilum: corium bubalo ſimile: colos
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              pili varius: ac lyncei pelli quoquo modo
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              ſimilis. </s>
              <s id="s.008592">Dextram pinnam capiti ſuppoſitam
                <lb/>
              affirmant, ſomnum conciliare, firmaré­
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              que. </s>
              <s id="s.008593">Atque hic eſt piſcis, cuius pellem di­
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              ximus ſuprè non tangi è fulminibus: atque
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              ſi de eo, quæ referuntur omnia vera ſunt,
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              neſcio an aliud mirabilius natura fecerit:
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              quandoquidem & quoſdam morbos eadem
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              pellis geſtata ſanare credatur. </s>
              <s id="s.008594">Ocreæ quæ
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              illius adipe oblinuntur, aquam non remit­
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              tunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008595">Nec nauium tabulis infeſta glacies, ſi
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              eo inungantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008596">Commune etiam eſt hoc
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              cetaceorum omni generi. </s>
              <s id="s.008597">Refert Olaus
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              Magnus coria eo inuncta, à muribus non
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              arrodi: atque ob id equorum ornamenta,
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              eo inungi ſolere: in cauſa odorem eſſe ne­
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              ceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008598">Halicibus infeſti præcipuè ſunt,
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              quorum maximam multitudinem deuorant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008599">Diuturnæ vitæ eſſe exiſtimandum eſt, quod
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              magnum ſit, ſanguineum ac ſpiret. </s>
              <s id="s.008600">Senio­
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              ribus honorem deferre videntur, illis enim
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              in mare deſcendentibus ſequuntur iuniores:
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              nam ſeorſum in littore iuuenes ac ſenes
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              degere ſolent. </s>
              <s id="s.008601">Captum aut percuſſum vnum
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              è ſociis, cæteri tanquam auxilium laturi
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              ſequuntur, ſuum more, quibus etiam vo­
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              ce aſſimilantur, Ob id ergo dolis piſcato­
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              rum obnoxij ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008602">Piſcatores enim nigra
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              pelle induti, dum fœminæ vitulæ vocem
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              referunt, multos mares in inſidias trahunt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008603">Nullum mare fermè horum genere caret:
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              ſed parum inter ſe differunt, qui in Medi­
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              terraneo, & Auſtrali, atque Boreali Ocea­
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              no, tum alibi inueniuntur, quemadmo­
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              dum & ſues. </s>
              <s id="s.008604">Erudiri etiam dicunt, & diſcipli­
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              næ eſſe capacem, agnoſceréque familiares,
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              & populum mugitu Romanum ac geſtu,
                <lb/>
              quandoque ſalutaſſe, vt videatur natura non
                <lb/>
              ſecùs ac fortuna, aliis omnia negaſſe, aliis
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              conceſſiſſe.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008605">
                <margin.target id="marg1202"/>
              Pedes cur
                <lb/>
              piſcibus qui­
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              buſdam.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008606">Nihil tamen fermè toti piſcium gene­
                <lb/>
              ra natura negaſſe videtur, præter exquiſi­
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              tum ſenſum. </s>
              <s id="s.008607">Nam licet ad natationem
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              pedes eſſent piſcibus inutiles, atque ob id
                <lb/>
              paucis opportuni: quibuſdam tamen etiam
                <lb/>
              illorum pedes natura conceſſit, aut quia
                <lb/>
              in imo aquarum gradiantur, aut in litto­
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              re: aut armorum cauſa, aut vt in tem­
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              peſtatibus firmius petris hærerent, aut tan­
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              quam manus, vt in cancris chelæ. </s>
              <s id="s.008608">Viden­
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              tur autem in polypis, & cancris, ac gam­
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              maris, tum locuſtis, ſquilliſque pedes om­
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              nium horum cauſa dati: propterea etiam
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1203"/>
                <lb/>
              lentè natant. </s>
              <s id="s.008609">Vidimus in fonte paruulo
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              Lugduni piſciculos cum duobus pedibus
                <lb/>
              in parte anteriore quaſi ſub alis. </s>
              <s id="s.008610">Erant
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              autem veri piſces, quos ego capitones li­
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              benter à capitis magnitudine, quod ra­
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              nis ſimile habent, lato ſcilicet & humi­
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              li, ac magno ore appellauerim. </s>
              <s id="s.008611">In his vi­
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              detur natura prouidiſſe, vt è ripa firmius
                <lb/>
              cibum ſumere poſſent. </s>
              <s id="s.008612">An verò à rana­
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              rum naſcentium numero? </s>
              <s id="s.008613">an Cordylus A­
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              riſtotelis? </s>
              <s id="s.008614">ſed Cordylus quatuor pedes
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              habet. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008615">
                <margin.target id="marg1203"/>
              Piſces bipe­
                <lb/>
              des.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008616">Contrà inutilis eſt piſcis, quem viuellam
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1204"/>
                <lb/>
              vocant, alij priſtim, quamvis magnus, nam
                <lb/>
              caro eius haud iucunda eſt, forma tamen
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              mirabilis eſt hic piſcis, vt qui enſis imagine
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              cartilagineum quoddam in fronte ferat pal­
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              morum quatuor longitudine, aut etiam am­
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              pliùs, ab imo vſque ad ſupremum dentatum
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              acutis, robuſtiſque dentibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008617">Serram Bello­
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              nius appellauit: qui etiam quinquaginta
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              octo
                <expan abbr="dẽtes">dentes</expan>
              habere eam affirmat. </s>
              <s id="s.008618">Serram ſæpè
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1205"/>
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              vidi, piſcem nunquam. </s>
              <s id="s.008619">Piſces etiam volantes
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              ibi naſcuntur: parui ſunt, & alati, alas habent
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              iuxta branchias longas, vt ipſi piſces palmo
                <lb/>
              ſcilicet amplius, quæ dum hument, piſcem
                <lb/>
              ſuſtinent, cùm ſiccantur, decidunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008620">Grega­
                <lb/>
              tim eunt, & cum Oratis inimicitia interce­
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              dit. </s>
              <s id="s.008621">Multi iuxta Bermudam ſeu Garzam in­
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              ſulam inueniuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008622">Multa horum genera mi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1206"/>
                <lb/>
              hi cognita ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008623">Parùm manſueſcunt piſces,
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              quoniam paruo, & hebeti ingenio ſunt: ob
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              id igitur maximè manſueſcunt delphini, qui
                <lb/>
              etiam celerrimi ſunt piſcium, vt ingenioſiſ­
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              ſimi, & affectuum humanorum haud exper­
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              tes, præcipuè miſericordiæ. </s>
              <s id="s.008624">Eadem ratione
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              aues omnes fermè cicurant: quadrupedia vt
                <lb/>
              ſunt medio ingenio inter aues, & piſces, ita
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              aliqua manſueſcunt, aliqua non. </s>
              <s id="s.008625">Quædam
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1207"/>
                <lb/>
              etiam timor, non ſinit vt manſueſcant, vt
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              mures, & lepores: quomodo enim amabis,
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              quem inſidiari vitæ tuæ ſit perſuaſum? </s>
              <s id="s.008626">at hoc
                <lb/>
              ſibi perſuadent, qui timent: propterea ty­
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              ranni etiam ſi beneficio multos afficiant, à
                <lb/>
              nullis tamen ob timorem aſſiduum arman­
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              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.008627">Sic Neroni contigit, nec tamen exiſti­
                <lb/>
              mes non in multos Neronem fuiſſe bene­
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              ficium. </s>
              <s id="s.008628">Itaque piſces ob ingenij ruditatem,
                <lb/>
              & incommodam tractationem vix manſueſ­
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              cunt, & parùm: accedit
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              vt dixi ) etiam
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1208"/>
                <lb/>
              plerunque timor. </s>
              <s id="s.008629">Cùm igitur delphinus in­
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              genio valeat, ſicque audaciſſimus, & ſpiret,
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              atque ob id tractari poſſit commodè, neceſ­
                <lb/>
              ſe eſt, vt vel ſolus, vel etiam maximè inter
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              omnes piſces manſueſcat: qui ſi traduci poſ­
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              ſet in piſcinas, parùm manſuetudine à cane
                <lb/>
              differret. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008630">
                <margin.target id="marg1204"/>
              Viuella.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008631">
                <margin.target id="marg1205"/>
              Piſces vo­
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              lantes.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008632">
                <margin.target id="marg1206"/>
              Cur piſces
                <lb/>
              vix man­
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              ſueſcant.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008633">Delphini.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008634">
                <margin.target id="marg1207"/>
              Lepores &
                <lb/>
              mures cur
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
                <lb/>
              cicurentur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008635">
                <margin.target id="marg1208"/>
              Delphini cur
                <lb/>
              maximè in­
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              ter piſces
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="mãſueſcant">manſueſcant</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008636">Sed poſtquàm in murium ſermonem inci­
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              dimus, de illis, illorúmque generibus, quæ
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              plurima ſunt: aliqua dicenda ſunt, altiùs re­
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              petitio principio. </s>
              <s id="s.008637">Nam cùm animalia pluri­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1209"/>
                <lb/>
              bus modis diſtinguantur, ex alimentorum
                <lb/>
              etiam diſcrimine differentias ſumi docuimus
                <lb/>
              generaliter quidem herbarum, arborúmque,
                <lb/>
              tum carnium, propriè autem quatuor mo­
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              dis: aut enim elementorum humido veſcun­
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              tur, vt chamæleon aëris, ſturio, & multi
                <lb/>
              piſces alij aquæ, buffones terræ: quamvis
                <lb/>
              enim terram edant, terra tamen non eſt illis
                <lb/>
              alimentum, ſed exiguum illud pingue humi­
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              dum, quod in terra continetur: aut plan­
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              tis, vt ſolipeda, pleraque tum etiam corni­
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              gera, atque hæc prioribus nobiliora: aut car­
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              nibus, vt leones, & canes præcedentibus am­
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              bobus præſtantiora. </s>
              <s id="s.008638">Quarum genus fru-</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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