Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="582" xlink:href="016/01/229.jpg"/>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010472">
                <margin.target id="marg1484"/>
              Cancri quo­
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              modo
                <expan abbr="capiã-tur">capian­
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                tur</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010473">
                <margin.target id="marg1485"/>
              Equi &
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              mulæ vt à
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              muſcis non
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              laedantur.</s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.229.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/229/1.jpg" number="87"/>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010474">
                <emph type="center"/>
              LIBER DECIMVSQVARTVS.
                <emph.end type="center"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010475">
                <emph type="center"/>
              De anima & intellectu.
                <emph.end type="center"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1486"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010476">
                <margin.target id="marg1486"/>
              Animi hu­
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              mani par­
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              tes.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010477">ANIMI vires præcipuè huma­
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              ni, de quo nunc eſt ſermo ag­
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              gredi volenti, nouo quodam
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              dicendi genere opus eſt, quod
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              vt Philoſophus rectè dice­
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              bat) anima omnia eſſe videatur. </s>
              <s id="s.010478">Senſibilia
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              quidem propter ſenſus, & quæ intelliguntur
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              propter intellectum. </s>
              <s id="s.010479">Dicta tamen plura eſſe
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1487"/>
                <lb/>
              memini, in lib. qui de Immortalitate, inſcri­
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              bitur: tum in aliis à nobis conſcriptis ope­
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              ribus. </s>
              <s id="s.010480">Vt verò de ſenſifera animæ parte
                <expan abbr="agã">agam</expan>
              ,
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              altius initium repetendum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.010481">Quadruplex
                <lb/>
              enim ſenſifera cognitio cum ſit: exterior,
                <expan abbr="cõ-ſeruatrix">con­
                  <lb/>
                ſeruatrix</expan>
              , iunctio, iudicium: exterior, in quin­
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              que diuiditur ſenſus: conſeruatrix, quadru­
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              plex motus & eſt habitus velut citharœdi,
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              qui nihil penitùs mente agens pulſat. </s>
              <s id="s.010482">Viſio,
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              ſeu
                <foreign lang="grc">Φαντασία</foreign>
              , eſt viſorum: memoria ſenſi­
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              lium aliorum, præcipuè auditus. </s>
              <s id="s.010483">Quanquam
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              ſi vnicuique ſenſui propria conſeruandi vis
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              aſſignetur, & melius longè & verius ſeptem
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              conſeruatrices facultates dici debeant, nam
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              odorum recordamur & ſaporum, & eorum
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              quæ tactu percipimus, nec tamen talium
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              memoria eſt: imò vt quiſque ſenſus materiæ
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              proximior eſt, ita minus ſenſilium eius re­
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              cordamur, veluti tactus. </s>
              <s id="s.010484">Sed memoriam qua­
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              tuor ſenſibus communem ſtatuunt, quia pa­
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              rum hi inter ſe differunt, nec vt colorum
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              phantaſia à memoria ſonorum, atque etiam
                <lb/>
              quod in memoria iuncta & intellecta reti­
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              neri videantur quaſi vis ea omnibus com­
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              munis ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.010485">Itaque ſic quatuor tantùm eſſe vi­
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              dentur, quarum vltima vocatur
                <foreign lang="grc">μιμνέσις</foreign>
              ,
                <lb/>
              quæ eſt reminiſcendi actio ipſa, ex multipli­
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              ci memoria, aut viſione conſtat, cogitatione
                <lb/>
              quadam. </s>
              <s id="s.010486">Iunctio non eſt vis ea, quæ vnum
                <lb/>
              poſt aliud cognoſcit: ſic enim etiam viſus
                <lb/>
              iungeret, & memoria quæ totam ſimul ora­
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              tionem complectitur: ſed neque quum plu­
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              ra vt vnum cognoſcuntur, velut in pariete
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              candor cum magnitudine. </s>
              <s id="s.010487">Sed quum plura,
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              vt plura ſunt iuxta, aut pugnantia, aut com­
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              parata, vel cùm
                <expan abbr="vnũ">vnum</expan>
              ex alio infertur. </s>
              <s id="s.010488">Vt ſint
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              quatuor genera, coniunctio diſtinctio, com­
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              paratio, & ſequela. </s>
              <s id="s.010489">
                <expan abbr="Indiciũ">Indicium</expan>
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
              , eſt collatio
                <lb/>
              plurium ratione compræhenſorum, cum ſuis
                <lb/>
              conditionibus inter ſe, vnde oritur electio:
                <lb/>
              ita fit vt qui iudicio valeant, omnibus co­
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              gnitionum generibus neceſſariò præſtent.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010490">Omnibus autem his dictis generibus, natu­
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              raliter ſex coniunctæ ſunt vires
                <foreign lang="grc">ἁκπίβεια</foreign>
              , de­
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              lectatio, vel dolor, appetitus conſequendi,
                <lb/>
              vel fugiendi, atque id commodiore via &
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              aſſimilandi, communia quoque ſenſibilia
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              cognoſcendi. </s>
              <s id="s.010491">Oculus enim cùm viridem pa­
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              rietem cognoſcit, percipit & numerum, &
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              quietem, & magnitudinem, & ſimul hunc
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              non eſſe rubiginoſum, neque album, ita vt
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              num decipiatur credens hoc eſſe aliud: non
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              tamen diſtinguit, delectatur, & hoc aſpectu,
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              & optat videre
                <expan abbr="refugiẽs">refugiens</expan>
              ferrugineum abſque
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              alia ratione, vel diſcurſu, velut expreſsè vi­
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              demus quod brachium refugit purgentem
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              abſque alia cogitatione, quod etiam vide­
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              mus in caudis lacertarum præciſis, ac pun­
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              ctis, quæ refugiunt. </s>
              <s id="s.010492">Oculus ergo dum videt,
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              viride non cognoſcit, non eſſe album: ſic
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              enim componeret, ſed dum cognoſcit viride
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              album non cognoſcit. </s>
              <s id="s.010493">In eo enim quod eſt,
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              hoc eſt non eſſe aliud, & ita de cognitione,
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              conſequitur etiam recta via, tanquam bre­
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              uiore: nam & lapidibus id indicium eſt, dum
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              ad centrum feruntur. </s>
              <s id="s.010494">Aſſimilationem fieri
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              naturaliter videmus in oſcitantibus, & ſter­
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              nutantibus: nam præter cogitationem ad ea­
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              dem incitamur, vt etiam ad ſaltandum, &
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              currendum, & mingendum. </s>
              <s id="s.010495">Omnes tamen
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              hæ vires, & cognitiones ſenſiferæ, perfectio­
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              nem, & imperfectionem recipiunt in diuer­
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              ſis animalibus. </s>
              <s id="s.010496">Solùm nunc reſtat difficultas
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              de ſenſu communi, qui non videtur neceſſa­
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              rius: nam non quia viride non ſit dulce, quia
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              nec viride eſt album, nec quia viride ſit
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              aliud à dulci, nam hoc rationis eſt compo­
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              nere: nec quia viride ſit viridius, quàm dul­
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              ce, dulce: hoc enim compræhendit ſenſus
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              quiſque per ſe: iudicium verò ad rationem
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              pertinet. </s>
              <s id="s.010497">Magnitudo enim duplex eſt, alia ex­
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              truſionis, alia intentionis: atque vtraque ſub
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="cõmuni">communi</expan>
              ſenſili compræhenditur. </s>
              <s id="s.010498">Belluæ ergo
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              ſimplici ac conſeruatrice tantùm cognitio­
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              ne præditæ ſunt, etiam ſi ſolertiſſimæ ſint,
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              quales ſimiæ, elephantes, canes, vulpes, hi­
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              rundines, pſittaci & bombyces. </s>
              <s id="s.010499">Inſcia igitur
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              omnia animalia eſſe compoſitionis, & ſigni­
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              ficati ſubſtantiui verbi, carereque iudicio, ex
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              hoc primùm conſtat, quod quæ maximè ſo­
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              lertia videntur artificiis, vt bombyces, apes
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              & formicæ, palàm eſt quòd his carent. </s>
              <s id="s.010500">
                <expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan>
                <lb/>
              & hirundines eodem modo veriſimile eſt ni­
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              dum conſtruere, quo apes, quo bombyces.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010501">Præterea quòd cùm pſittaci, & picæ loqui
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              optimè diſcant nunquam tamen & ſi præter
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              id animalia ſunt prudentiſſima, inuenta eſt
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              earum vlla, quæ verba rebus accommodare
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1488"/>
                <lb/>
              potuerit,
                <expan abbr="quanquã">quanquam</expan>
                <expan abbr="dominũ">dominum</expan>
              , &
                <expan abbr="nomẽ">nomen</expan>
              domini
                <lb/>
              cognoſceret,
                <expan abbr="ſciretq;">ſciretque</expan>
                <expan abbr="quoniã">quoniam</expan>
              huius ipſius ca­
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              pax non eſt: hoc nomen domini eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.010502">Sed ne­
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              que cauſa eſt vlla, vt talia eis tribuamus, cùm
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              abſque illis omnia experimenta ſeruentur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.010503">Quæ autem in oppoſitum adduci poſſe vi­
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              dentur, ſunt canum ſequela perrectam viam
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              in venatione ferarum. </s>
              <s id="s.010504">Quodque blandiun­
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              tur domino, & adlatrant ignotis atque ho­
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              ſtibus: quòd mater videtur noſcere nume­
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              rum filiorum, dum defectum eius, qui ea
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              abſentente ſublatus eſt, agnoſcit, Quòd dum
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              leporem ſequitur per tranſuerſam viam,
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              non ad leporem, ſed ad locum quem illa </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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