Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.015564">
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              libro noſtro adiici in hac vltima emenda­
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              tione: tametſi & in hoc fallatur, dicens
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              hoc illi eſſe commune cum crocodillo, qua­
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              ſi ſolùm ſuperius roſtrum, vt ille moueat:
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              ſed decipitur frequentius enim ac magis in­
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              ferius. </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.015565">241 In 2. ſectione, reddit aliam cauſam
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              inglunei in auibus, ſed non adeò euiden­
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              tem: quæ tamen poteſt tolerari. </s>
              <s id="s.015566">Multis
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              commodis (hoc enim ſapientiæ fuit artificis)
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              vno auxilio natura ſæpè ſatisfacit. </s>
              <s id="s.015567">Nos non
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              omnes cauſas, ſed principaliores adduxi­
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              mus. </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.015568">243 Diſcrimen eſt, quænam aues natu­
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              ra mitiores ſint, & quæ vſu, quod etiam in
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              quadrupedibus verum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.015569">Carniuoræ na­
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              tura ſunt magis feræ, vſu tamen magis
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              manſueſcunt, quia neque natura, neque
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              exemplo terrentur: contrà eſt de aliis: nam
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              natura manſuetæ ſunt, non adeò tamen
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              manſueſcunt, quia timidiores, tum natu­
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              ra, tum exemplo, cùm affines ſuas occidi
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              videant. </s>
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              <s id="s.015570">244 Quæritur quòd non in talpæ quæ­
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              ſtione verſatus ſim. </s>
              <s id="s.015571">Hoc enim volebat, vt
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              eiuſmodi tricis inuolueret, vtque haberet
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              quomodocunque res cederet, in quo ſuo
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              more nugaretur, arguerétque: tum maximè,
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              quòd lucem quærere cogeremur in tenebris
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              id eſt, ſuis quibuſdam peripateticis ſuppo­
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              ſitis: quibus admiſſis perpetua contentio
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              manet, cùm non veris fundamentis inni­
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              tantur. </s>
              <s id="s.015572">Indicio eſt, tot apud illos nunc ma­
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              gis, quàm antea indefinitæ quæſtiones. </s>
              <s id="s.015573">In­
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              de etiam magis fallitur, cùm exiſtimat nos
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              voluiſſe omnium ſpecierum, & quæ eis
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              contingunt, cauſas reddere. </s>
              <s id="s.015574">Hoc enim pri­
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              mùm eſt difficiliùs, quàm in generibus, ſicut
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              etiam in ſingulis rebus, quàm ſpeciebus.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.015575">Deinde quoniam infinitæ ſunt propemodum
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              ſpecies, oportet etiam ſcire operationes pro­
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              prias vniuſcuiuſque earum, vt difficultatem
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              in vna hominis compoſitione videri liceat
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              apud Galenum, decem & ſeptem libris in
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              eius declaratione compoſitis. </s>
              <s id="s.015576">Propter hæc
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              hiſtoriam Elephanti pro exemplo omnium
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              ſatis diffusè explicauimus, vt ſi operatio
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              animalis cuiuſque tibi nota fuerit, poſſit
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              eadem ratione illa diligentius conſiderata
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              cauſa inueniri: ſed non ſit operatio nota,
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              neceſſe eſt in cauſa membrorum animalis
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              conſtituenda fruſtra niti. </s>
              <s id="s.015577">Ridicula verò eſt
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              affectatio nominis ſubtilitatis, atque ine­
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              pta omninò enarratio, quam orditur dum
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              ſine profunda diſquiſitione, ſine operatio­
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              num propriarum cognitione conatur quæ­
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              dam, quibus ipſemet ſubtilitatis nomen
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              tribuit, docere: quæ adeò inepta ſunt, vt
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              facilè quiſque intelligat, nec corticem qui­
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              dem orationis noſtræ penetraſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.015578">Atque hu­
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              iuſmodi paucula exempla ſuperiùs tradidi­
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              mus. </s>
              <s id="s.015579">Porrò & illo grauiter fallitur, quòd
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              putat totum libri contextum vniformem
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              eſſe debere, & in quo reluceat ſubtilitas.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.015580">In quo primùm decipitur turpiter, cùm ve­
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              rè ſubtile dicit eſſe poſſe, quod non difficil­i
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              mum: at ille admiratur quæ intelligit. </s>
              <s id="s.015581">Præ­
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              terea quod non animaduertit, velut in
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              corporibus carnem, & pinguedinem inter
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              oſſa à natura collocari, ita in his noſtris li­
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              bris quædam velut ſolida membra ſubtili­
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              tate viuida conſtat: quædam quaſi pabu­
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              lum aliorum, & imperfecta demulcere poſ­
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              ſunt lectores, cùm tamen profundius quæ­
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              ſita prioribus etiam ſint ſubtiliora: & dif­
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              ficiliora: quædam quaſi media inter vtra­
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              que. </s>
              <s id="s.015582">At ipſe neque in noſtris operibus, nec
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              Ptolemæi, nec Ariſtotelis, quem maximè
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              profitetur, exercitatus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.015583">Itaque nihil mi­
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              rum, ſi adeò deſipit, vt etiam membra in
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              animalibus obiter facta affirmet, & iam
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              nihil deſit ad Epicurum, vniuerſam ſuſtu­
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              lit in rebus Dei, & naturæ prouidentiam.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.015584">Ex his homo bellus ad inquiſitionem vſus
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              caudæ vulpis deuenit, vt ſuis frigidis iocis
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              non iam me accuſet, ſed naturam ipſam ir­
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              rideat. </s>
              <s id="s.015585">Dixi verò oportere eum ſcire ope­
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              rationes animali proprias, qui vſum mem­
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              brorum ſcire velit. </s>
              <s id="s.015586">Quæ ratio etiam mili­
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              tat in lacerta. </s>
              <s id="s.015587">Hoc ergo ſolùm nunc dici­
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              mus, quoniam talpæ nulla erat ex cauda
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              futura vtilitas, & impedimentum attuliſſet,
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              ideò longam caudam natura non dedit. </s>
              <s id="s.015588">Sed
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              nec hoc intelligit: impedimentum eſt no­
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              tum, at non præbere vtilitatem ideò ſci­
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              mus, quia caret: at ipſe putat, ita ratioci­
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              nari debere, quia nulli eſt vſui, ideò caret.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.015589">Quî ego hoc vel ipſe ſcire poteramus, niſi
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              omnino totam vitam talpæ exploratam ha­
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              beremus? </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.015590">245 Accuſat nos de Gammari, & Can­
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              cri ſignificato: nónne videt in ſecunda edi­
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              tione emendatum primæ impreſſionis er­
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              rorem? </s>
              <s id="s.015591">at non vidi: quid ad me? </s>
              <s id="s.015592">ſui erat
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              muneris? </s>
              <s id="s.015593">cur tam diu expectauit poſt ſecun­
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              dam editionem noſtram ſuam emittere ca­
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              lumniam, ſi ſecunda editio nulli vſui fuit,
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              aut futura erat? </s>
              <s id="s.015594">Deinde negat experimen­
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              tum quòd in Gammaris: vbi veterem te­
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              ſtam exuerunt, fermè omnibus lapides il­
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              li inueniantur maximi. </s>
              <s id="s.015595">Vnde pater, cùm
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              diſputet contra experimentum, omninò
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              ſophiſticas eſſe ſuas rationes: vt veriſimile
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              ſit omnes etiam alias tales eſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.015596">Inde pro­
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              greditur, diſputans de nomine vrſæ Ariſto­
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              telis, in quo certamine, ſcilicet de nomi­
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              nibus, & ipſum Rondelletium, alióſque mul­
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              tos video periclitari, ducto exemplo eorum
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              qui
                <expan abbr="Diſcoridẽ">Diſcoridem</expan>
              interpretantur, ſed perpeàm:
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              nam non licet, vbi certamen hoc, vel no­
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              titia nulli vſui futura eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.015597">Quòd ſi aliquas
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              proprietates Ariſtoteles adiiciat, illas quæ­
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              rat in eis, & ex his de nomine diiudicet,
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              nec pariatis diſceptationes infinitas nullum
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              ob commodum: at in Medicina neceſſaria
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              ſunt, quoniam vſus requirit. </s>
              <s id="s.015598">Et aliter hoc
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              ſcire non poſſumus, quid ſit quod quæ­
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              ritur? </s>
              <s id="s.015599">Similes hi ſunt qui quærunt in Ma­
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              thematicis quid voluerit Euclides? </s>
              <s id="s.015600">nam
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              non vt Philoſophia res authoritate indi­
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              get: ſed ſeu dixerit, ſeu non dixerit Eu­
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              clides, tantum habemus quantum ex decla­
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              ratione concludere licet. </s>
              <s id="s.015601">Hinc factum eſt,
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              vt hic vir ob rem nullius ( vt dixi ) momen­
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              ti prodens mores ſuos, ſuum quem appel­
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              larat amiciſſimum Rondelletium, accuſet,
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              non hæc ab illo meritum. </s>
              <s id="s.015602">Vt ſit, qualis
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              eſſet docuit, nam vel in pluribus errauit
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              Rondelletius, vel paucis? </s>
              <s id="s.015603">Si pluribus, dam­
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              natur iudicio illius, & qui nihil aliud egit tota </s>
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