Newton, Isaac, Philosophia naturalis principia mathematica, 1713

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                  culo, & denſior ad centrum quam in fodinis prope ſuperficiem,
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                  niſi forte calores in Zona torrida longitudinem Pendulorum ali­
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                  quantulum auxerint. </s>
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                <p type="margin">
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                  DE MUNDI
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                  SYSTEMATE</s>
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                <p type="main">
                  <s>Obſervavit utique
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                  D. Picartus
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                  quod virga ferrea, quæ tempore
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                  hyberno ubi gelabant frigora erat pedis unius longitudine, ad
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                  ignem calefacta evaſit pedis unius cum quarta parte lineæ. </s>
                  <s>De­
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                  inde
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                  D. de la Hire
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                  obſervavit quod virga ferrea quæ tempore
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                  conſimili hyberno ſex erat pedum longitudinis, ubi Soli æſtivo
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                  exponebatur evaſit ſex pedum longitudinis cum duabus tertiis
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                  partibus lineæ. </s>
                  <s>In priore caſu calor major fuit quam in poſte­
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                  riore, in hoc vero major fuit quam calor externarum partium
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                  corporis humani. </s>
                  <s>Nam metalla ad Solem æſtivum valde incale­
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                  ſcunt. </s>
                  <s>At virga penduli in horologio oſcillatorio nunquam ex­
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                  poni ſolet calori Solis æſtivi, nunquam calorem concipit calori
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                  externæ ſuperficiei corporis humani æqualem. </s>
                  <s>Et propterea virga
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                  Penduli in horologio tres pedes longa, paulo quidem longior
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                  erit tempore æſtivo quam hyberno, ſed exceſſu quartam partem
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                  lineæ unius vix ſuperante. </s>
                  <s>Proinde differentia tota longitudinis
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                  pendulorum quæ in diverſis regionibus iſochrona ſunt, diverſo
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                  calori attribui non poteſt. </s>
                  <s>Sed neque erroribus Aſtronomorum è
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                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Gallia
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                  miſſorum tribuenda eſt hæc differentia. </s>
                  <s>Nam quamvis
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                  eorum obſervationes non perfecte congruant inter ſe, tamen erro­
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                  res ſunt adeo parvi ut contemni poſſint. </s>
                  <s>Et in hoc concordant
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                  omnes, quod iſochrona pendula ſunt breviora ſub Æquatore quam
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                  in Obſervatorio Regio
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Pariſienſi,
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                  exiſtente differentia duarum cir­
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                  citer linearum ſeu ſextæ partis digiti. </s>
                  <s>Per obſervationes
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                  D. Ri­
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                  cher
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                  in
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                  Cayenna
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                  factas, differentia fuit lineæ unius cum ſemiſſe. </s>
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                  Error ſemiſſis lineæ facile committitur. </s>
                  <s>Et
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                  D. des Hayes
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                  poſtea
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                  per obſervationes ſuas in eadem inſula factas errorem correxit,
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                  inventa differentia linearum (2 1/18). Sed & per obſervationes in in­
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                  ſulis
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                  Gorea, Guadaloupa, Martinica, Granada, S. Chriſtophori,
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                  &
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                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  S. Dominici
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                  factas & ad Æquatorem reductas, differentia illa pro­
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                  diit haud minor quam (1 19/20) lineæ, haud major quam 2 1/2 linearum. </s>
                  <s>
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                  Et inter hos limites quantitas mediocris eſt (2 9/40) linearum. </s>
                  <s>Prop­
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                  ter calores loeorum in Zona torrida negligamus (9/40) partes lineæ,
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                  & manebit differentia duarum linearum. </s>
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                  <s>Quare cum differentia illa per Tabulam præcedentem, ex hy­
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                  potheſi quod Terra ex materia uniformiter denſa conſtat, ſit tan­
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                  tum (1 87/1000) lineæ: exceſſus altitudinis Terræ ad æquatorem ſupra
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                  altitudinem ejus ad polos, qui erat milliarium 17 1/6, jam auctus in </s>
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